Continuously-loaded signaling conductor



0. E. BUCKLEY CONTINUOUSLY LOADED SIGNALING CONDUCTOR March 18 1924.

Filed Aug. 16. 1921 mm? for O/fver 5. Eu k/e v y W 477134 Patented Mar. 18, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OLIVER. E. BUCKLEY, OF IIIAPLEWOOD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR- TO WESTERN ELECTRIC COIVIPANY, INCOR-PORA'I'ED, 01? NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEEV YORK.

CONTINUOUSLY-LOADED SIGNALING CONDUCTOR.

Application filed August 16, 1921.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Omvnn E. BUGKLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Maplewood, in the county of Essex, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Continuously- Loadcd Signaling Conductors, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description.

This invention relates to continuously loaded signaling conductors.

In accordance with the best approved prac tice, continuously loaded conductors are constructed by wrapping the bare conductor with magnetic wire or tape which serves to increase the inductance of the conductor. Thus, in the case of long submarine cables, each of whose conductors is made up of a plurality of individual conducting wires, in order to give flexibility to the entire cable, the wire or tape is continuously wrapped about the composite conductor.

Investigation has shown that where the construction herein referred to is used in submarine cables, the water pressure which is encountered in ordinary practice, tends to force the magnetic wire or tape into the interstices of the stranded conductor, and brings about a change in the relative positions of the loading material and the conductor. In the case of iron, the permeability of which is only slightly affected by strains of the magnitude encountered under these circumstances, no appreciable lowering of these inductances is noticed after the cable containing the iron loading has been submerged. However, with certain materials, which possess a high permeability at low magnetizing forces, applied to the conductor in the manner above described, a considerable lowering of inductance is experienced when the cable is sulmwrged even at moderate depths. The change, therefore, which takes place when high permeability material is employed indicates that to fully realize the advantages to be derived from such material pre iautions must be taken. to prevent the material from being subjected to mechanical strains.

It has been found that if the composite conductor is so shaped that it presents a smooth cylindrical exterior, loading material hav ing a high permeability at low magnetizing forces may be applied thereto either in the form of wire or tape, in such a manner that face.

Serial No. 492,724.

the tendency to produce a change in the magnetic properties of said material upon submergence is greatly diminished.

The manner in which a conductor is continuously loaded in accordance with the present invention, may be more fully understood by referring to the drawings, in which Fig.

' 1 represents a cross section of the cable core;

and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the cable with parts broken away to more readily show its construction.

The composite conductor conslsts of a central conductin wire 3, surrounded by conducting segmental strips 4, said segmental strips being so shaped that they fit snugly together to form a smooth cylindrical sur- The loading material 5, preferably in tape form, is wrapped about the composite conductor and completely surrounded by insulating material 6, such as, for example, gutta percha.

The construction herein described, is further of value in that during the process of wrapping the loading tape about the conductor a cushioning effect is afforded, which tends to equalize strains in the tape and thus prevent consequent reduction of permeabil ity particularly during the subsequent processes of annealing and covering.

Other-embodiments of the invention are contemplated without departing from the spirit of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A loaded signaling conductor comprising a central wire, said wire being surrounded by a conducting layer composed of strips shaped to fit snugly together and form a smooth exterior surface.

2. A signaling conductor comprising a central wire, conducting strips superimposed thereupon, said strips being shaped to fit snugly together and form a cylindrical exterior surface, and magnetic material covering said segmental strips.

3. Av signaling conductor conuprising a central wire, a plurality of conducting strips surrounding said who and forming a substantially cylindrical exterior surface, and a layer of magnetic material in intimate mechanical contact with the exterior surface of said strips.

4. A signaling cond ictor comprising a plurality of conductors and a covering of magnetic material wrapped thereabout, the inner surface of said magnetic material being in mechanical contact at all points with the exterior surfaces of said conductors.

5. In combination, a conducting Wire, a plurality of strips of segmental cross section surrounding said Wire, and a continuous covering of magnetic material about said segmental strips.

6. In combination, a central Wire, a plurality of conducting strips of segmental cross section surrounding said Wire, and a covering of magnetic material over said strips.

7 The method of constructinga continuously loaded COIlCllIOtOPWlUOll consists in surrounding a central wlre with strlps of segmental cross section to form a cylindrical exterior, and applying magnetic material about said segmental strips.

8. The method of constructing a continuously loaded conductor, which consists in surrounding a central Wire with strips of segmental cross section to form a cylindrical exterior and applying magnetic material having high permeability at low magnetizing forces about said segmental strips.

9. A signaling conductor comprising a central Wire, conducting strips of segmental cross section superimposed thereupon, and a magnetic material having high permeability at low magnetizing forces covering said segmental strips.

In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 10th day of August, A. D. 1921.

0L1. ER E. BUCKLEY. 

